Platelet-Rich Plasma
What is platelet-rich plasma (PRP)?
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used in orthopedics and sports medicine as an effective treatment for soft tissue injuries and early-stage osteoarthritis. PRP contains an elevated concentration of platelets (typically 6-8 times the body’s normal concentration), which are used to stimulate repair of injured tissue, reduce inflammation, and restore function.
How does PRP work?
When the body is injured, it initiates a healing response to rebuild damaged tissue. Platelets contain a reservoir of growth factors which help initiate and stimulate tissue repair upon reaching the site of injury.
Inflammatory phase (Day 0 - 14)
During this phase, there may be a temporary increase in pain. Tissue protection and immobilization may be required to avoid disruption to collagen deposition and cross-linking.
Proliferative phase (week 2 - week 6)
Early range of motion and light activity may be resumed to prevent deconditioning. However, more strenuous activity should be avoided.
Maturation phase (week 6 - week 12+)
Normal tissue integrity is gradually restored. Progressive strengthening continues until returning to prior level of function.
Reference: Mautner K, Malanga G, Colberg R. Optimization of ingredients, procedure, and rehabilitation for platelet-rich plasma injections for chronic tendinopathy. Pain Management. 2011.
Clinical Course After a Single PRP Injection
The healing process is slow because the body is attempting to repair damaged tissue. Response time may vary by extent of injury and level of desired activity. However, at 4-6 weeks, most patients begin to feel some improvements with daily activities. At 3-6 months, most patients are able to function at or near their baseline level of activities. Consideration can be given for a second injection at 12 weeks for slow responders if indicated.
